Q. What is the structure of IAS Prelims Exam?
Answer:Civil service Preliminary examination consists of two papers i.e. General Studies Paper-I and General Studies Paper-II (CSAT). Both the papers carry 200 marks each. IAS Prelims General Studies Paper I contains 100 questions of 2 marks each and IAS Prelims General Studies Paper II CSAT contains 80 questions of 2.5 marks each.
Q. Minimum Educational Qualification/ Can a candidate who has completed his education from an open school/ University apply for Commission's Examination?
Answer: A degree of any of the Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be a Deemed University under the UGC Act, 1956, or an equivalent qualification.
Candidates who have appeared or intend to appear for the qualifying examination and are awaiting results are also eligible to appear for the Preliminary Examination however, they are supposed to submit proof of passing the requisite qualification along with Detailed Application.
Candidate who has completed his education from an open school/ University can apply for Commission's Examination; provided it is a recognized University and he possess the educational qualifications prescribed for the exam and is otherwise eligible.
Question: How to prepare for IAS Interview?
Answer: IAS interview is not just an interview, but an overall test of the personality of a candidate. IAS interview for Civil Service Exam is the last step of the ladder to your success. It is the final stage of an IAS examination. The interview round is not qualifying in nature, but it indeed plays a pivotal role in determining your selection and final rank. Therefore, it is absolutely imperative that each and every candidate should prepare for this final round with utmost zeal. In the IAS interview for civil service exam, the confidence, understanding and personality of the candidate is adjudged. Here are a few tips that will help you know how to prepare for IAS interview for civil service exam:
Fill your IAS forms meticulously
It is very important that you fill up your IAS forms very meticulously because your forms depict your level of seriousness. It is through these forms that the judges will acknowledge you. Therefore it becomes important for any candidate to fill up the forms with precision and earnestness.
Question: How to start preparation for IAS PRE 2017?
Answer: Union Public Service Commission has released the Examination Schedule for the 2017. According to the released schedule, the IAS Preliminary Exam 2017 will be conducted on 18th June, 2017. So for the candidates who are planning for the IAS Preliminary 2017 will have around few days from now. Right now is the ideal time to start the preparation as the exam demands around one year of concentrated and focused study. The candidate can start their preparation for the IAS Preliminary 2017 by starting from the basic books and learning about the current scenario of national and international happenings. IAS Preliminary Exam is a test of the candidates overall persona. It is all about to handle the pressure during exam preparation and at the time of exam. It is high time to start preparation by gauging one’s own preparation in respect to the IAS Preliminary Examination. The IAS Preliminary Exam 2017 will consist of two papers because UPSC has not announced any further change in the pattern of IAS Preliminary examination. The candidate should always have a keen eye on the current events, their repercussions, their importance for the national and international scenario and above all the conditions which resulted in such event.
For the candidate Syllabus and the Previous Year Question Papers are the key to know the demand of the examination. The development of perspective is very important for the preparation of IAS Preliminary exam. The candidate should try to find out the ‘what’, ‘why’, ’how’, ’when’ and ’who’ of the news. The General Studies Paper I of the IAS Preliminary Exam, in the recent past, has become very much current oriented. The paper asked about the under currents of the news. The traditional who’s who is a thing of past now. The exam is more oriented toward the background of the news. The main and the big problem which the candidates are facing is the comprehensiveness of the information on a topic. The exam paper questions asked each and every aspect of any topic such as all the provisions of a policy or all the rules of any government notifications and the likes. This is a big problem which surfaces as the candidate appear in the examination.
Question: What is the importance of understanding and analysing the IAS Prelims syllabus?
Answer: Understanding the syllabus for the IAS Prelims Exam is very important for the candidates in order to channelize their energy in the right direction. If a candidate fails to understand the syllabus clearly, it can lead to studying the irrelevant topics and hence wastage of time and effort. It can also lead to leaving out some of the important areas that are included in the syllabus. This makes it absolutely indispensable for the candidates to understand and analyse the IAS Prelims Syllabus properly.
The most important and the foremost step, here, is to take a thorough reading of the syllabus to get an idea about what all is broadly included in the exam. This will help the candidates further analyse which topics would be included under these broader topics.
The syllabus also needs to be analysed in the light of the previous years’ questions. Some of the topics are not explicitly mentioned in the syllabus but are included within some broader topics. For example, Art and Culture is not directly mentioned under the IAS Prelims syllabus but as we look at the past years’ questions, we understand that quite a few questions have been asked from this topic which means that it has been implicitly mentioned under the Indian History section. Thus it is also important to read between the lines while analysing the syllabus which can be done by a combined analysis of the syllabus and previous years’ questions.
IAS Exam 2017: Understanding Process of Examination
Q. 1. What is the Whole Process for IAS Exam 2015?
Answer. Indian Administrative Service is Premier Administrative Service in India. Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts the Exam for this service. Exam for this service is conducted in two stages. First stage exam is called IAS Prelims Exam which is conducted to screen the candidates. Those who qualify first stage (IAS Prelims) Test are called for IAS Main Exam. Generally around fifteen times candidates of notified vacancies are called for IAS Main Exam.
Notification for IAS exam was released on 22.02.2017 and candidates had to apply up to the 17.03.2017. IAS Prelims Exam would be conducted on 18th of June 2017. Union Public Service (UPSC) also notifies syllabus of IAS Prelims in advertisement.
Candidate must have completed 21 years of age. General category candidates are allowed 6 attempts and maximum age allowed is 32. There is no limit to number of attempts to SC/ST candidates and maximum age limit allowed is 37. OBC candidates have been given 9 attempts and maximum age allowed is 35.
NEW MAINS SYLLABUS FOR UPSC MAINS EXAM
UPSC (PT) Syllabus
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has released the Examination Calendar for 2017. The Notification for the Civil Services was issued on 22 February 2017 and the IAS Prelims Exam 2017 will be conducted on 18 June 2017. The candidates should keep in mind the Plan of Examination so that they can plan in advance and execute their strategy in time.
The IAS Prelims 2017 consists of General Studies Paper I and General Studies Paper II. Each paper carries 200 marks
UPSC: Previous 10 Years (2006-2015) Question Papers can be downloaded from the following link. The Questions have been organized subject-wise so as to make it easier for students to analyze how many questions are being asked from each section and what is the current trend.
Click Here to Download FULL PAPER of General Studies (PT) from 2006 to 2015
UPSC 2016- GENERAL STUDIES Paper 1
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HISTORY - ANCIENT
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01. With reference to the religious history of India, consider the following statements:
1. The concept of Bodhisattva is central to Hinayana sect of Buddhism.
2. Bodhisattva is a compassionate one on his way to enlightenment.
3. Bodhisattva delays achieving his own salvation to help all sentient beings on their path to it.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer . b
02. In the context of the history of India, consider the following pairs:
Term Description
(1) Eripatti : Land, revenue from which was set apart for the main¬tenance of the village tank
(2) Taniyurs : Villages donated to a single Brahmin or a group of Brahmins
(3) Ghatikas : Colleges generally attached to the temples
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Answer . d
03. Which one of the following books of ancient India has the love story of the son of the founder of Sunga dynasty?
(a)Swapnavasavadatta
(b) Malavikagnirnitra
(c) Meghadoota
(d) Ratnavali
Answer.b
04. Who of the following had first deciphered the edicts of Emperor Ashoka?
(a) Georg Bilhler
(b) James Prinsep
(c) Max Muller
(d) William Jones
Answer . b
05. What is/are common to the two historical places known as Ajanta and Mahabalipuram?
1. Both were built in the same period.
2. Both belong to the same religious denomination.
3. Both have rock-cut monuments.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) None of the statements given above is correct
Answer . c
06. Consider the following pairs:
Famous place Region
1. Bodhgaya Baghelkhand
2. Khajuraho Bundelkhand
3. Shirdi Vidarbha
4. Nasik (Nashik) Malwa
5. Tirupati Rayalaseema
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 5
Answer .c
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HISTORY - MEDIEVAL
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01. Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history were generally
(a) agriculturists
(b) warriors
(c) weavers
(d) traders
Answer . d
02. With reference to the economic history of medieval India, the term Araghatta' refers to
(a) bonded labour
(b) land grants made to military officers
(c) waterwheel used in the irrigation of land
(d) wastel and converted to cultivated land
Answer . c
03. With reference to the cultural history of India, the memorizing of chronicles, dynastic histories and Epictales was the profession of who of the following?
(a) Shramana
(b) Parivraaj a k a
(c) Agrahaarika
(d) Maagadha
Answer .d
04. Regarding the taxation system of Krishna Deva, the ruler of Vijayanagar, consider the following statements:
1. The tax rate on land was fixed depending on the quality of the land.
2. Private owners of workshops paid an industries tax.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer. c
05. With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the following statements:
1. Siddhas (Sittars) of Tamil region were monotheistic and condemned idolatry.
2. Lingayats of Kannada region questioned the theory of rebirth and rejected the caste hierarchy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer.a
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HISTORY - MODERN
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01. The `Swadeshi' and 'Boycott' were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the
(a) agitation against the Partition of Bengal
(b) Home Rule Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) visit of the Simon Commission to India
Answer . a
02. Satya Shodhak Samaj organized
(a) a movement for upliftment of tribals in Bihar
(b) a temple-entry movement in Gujarat
(c) an anti-caste movement in Maharashtra
(d) a peasant movement in Punjab
Answer .c
03. The Montague-Chelmsford Proposals were related to
(a) social reforms
(b) educational reforms
(c) reforms in police administration
(d) constitutional reforms
Answer . d
04. Consider the following :
1. Calcutta Unitarian Committee
2. Tabernacle of New Dispensation
3. Indian Reform Association
Keshab Chandra Sen is associated with the establishment of which of the above?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer . b
05. What was the main reason for the split in the Indian National Congress at Surat in 1907?
(a) Introduction of communalism into Indian politics by Lord Minto
(b) Extremists' lack of faith in the capacity of the moderates to negotiate with the British Government
(c) Foundation of Muslim League
(d) Aurobindo Ghosh's inability to be elected as the President of the Indian National Congress
Answer b
06. The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that after the Second World War
(a) India should be granted complete independence
(b) India should be partitioned into two before granting independence
(c) India should be made a republic with the condition that she will join the Commonwealth
(d) India should be given Dominion status
Answer .d
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GEOGRAPHY- INDIA
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01. Which of the following is/are tributary tributaries of Brahmaputra?
1. Dibang
2. Kameng
3. Lohit
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer.d
02. What is/are the purpose/purposes of `District Mineral Foundations' in India?
1. Promoting mineral exploration activities in mineral-rich districts
2. Protecting the interests of the persons affected by mining operations
3. Authorizing State Governments to issue licences for mineral exploration
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer .b
03. India is an important member of the ‘International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor'. If this experiment succeeds, what is the immediate advantage for India?
(a) It can use thorium in place of uranium for power generation
(b) It can attain a global role in satellite navigation
(c) It can drastically improve the efficiency of its fission reactors in power generation
(d) It can build fusion reactors for power generation
Answer . d
04. Recently, linking of which of the following rivers was undertaken?
(a) Cauvery and Tungabhadra
(b) Godavari and Krishna
(c) Mahanadi and Sone
(d) Narmada and Tapti
Answer . b
यू०पी०एस०सी प्रारंभिक परीक्षा हेतु रणनीति
संघ लोक सेवा आयोग द्वारा आयोजित सिविल सेवा प्रारंभिक परीक्षा इस वर्ष 18 June को निर्धारित है l प्रारंभिक परीक्षा में दो पत्र होते हैं :
1) सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्न पत्र 1
2) सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्न पत्र 2 (सीसैट)
सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्न पत्र 1 में 100 प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं एवं इसका पूर्णांक 200 है l प्रत्येक गलत उत्तर के लिए एक तिहाई अंक (अर्थात 0.66 अंक) काट लिए जाएँगे l सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्न पत्र 2 में कुल 80 प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं एवं इस पत्र का भी पूर्णांक 200 है l प्रत्येक गलत उत्तर के लिए एक तिहाई अंक (अर्थात 0.66 अंक) काट लिए जाएँगे, परन्तु यह नियम “निर्णयन एवं समस्या समाधान” खण्ड के लिए लागू नहीं होता l “निर्णयन एवं समस्या समाधान” खण्ड से प्रत्येक वर्ष करीब 7 से 8 प्रश्न (80 प्रश्नों में) पूछे जाते हैं, एवं इसमें गलत उत्तर पर ऋणात्मक अंक का प्रावधान नहीं है l नए पाठ्यक्रम के अनुसार वर्ष 2015 से यह पेपर केवल क्वालीफाइंग रह गया है एवं इस पेपर का प्राप्तांक पेपर 01 के साथ नहीं जोड़ा जाता l अपितु, इस पेपर (CSAT) के क्वालीफाई करने पर ही पेपर 01 का चेकिंग होगा एवं उस पेपर (अर्थात पेपर 01) का प्राप्तांक ही प्रारंभिक परीक्षा में उत्तीर्ण होने के लिए आधार होगा l
The Civil Services Preliminary examination conducted by the Union Public Services Examination is believed to be the toughest stage in the whole process of an IAS selection. Out of 100 candidates, who write the Prelims, 97 may not clear prelims owing to two main reasons:
Limited vacancies
Lack of right approach
The PT exam 2020 is scheduled to be held on 31st May, 2020. The total number of applicants would be about 10 lakhs out of which the number of candidates who qualify for second stage (mains) will be only around 15,000. Around a million applicants fight to find a place in the top 15000 positions which makes prelims stage certainly not a cake-walk.
IAS Prelims 2020: Start the Preparation Now
It is the right time to start the preparation for IAS 2020 now, because you have around ONE YEAR for complete preparation. The Candidates should also start analysing previous year IAS Prelims Question Papers. The candidates can evaluate themselves by taking the previous IAS Prelims Question Paper in an Interactive Format.
Advantages of Evaluation
The candidates have the following advantages of evaluating their Paper of IAS Prelims 2019.
1. The Candidates who are sure of their Selection should start the preparation for the IAS Main 2019.
2. The Candidates who are not sure can start the preparation for the IAS Prelims 2020.
3. You can judge your present level of preparation and plan your strategy accordingly.
How to Start
The IAS Prelims 2020 will be conducted 31st May, 2020. About 1 year remaining and lots of ground to cover for IAS 2020. The candidates should start the Preparation for the IAS Prelims 2020 so that they can obtain comfortable marks to qualify the IAS Prelims 2020.
The candidates face very much difficulty in starting, planning and mapping their preparation. But as the old saying goes "Well Begun is half done” what we propose - is to plan for the IAS Prelims 2020 keeping in mind all the aspects of the Exam and then execute your plan efficiently and effectively.
The candidates should start the preparation keeping in mind the IAS Main Exam because the IAS Main is the ultimate stone to turn around. IAS Prelims is only of qualifying nature but the marks obtained in the IAS Main is counted in the Final Merit for Selection.
Current Affairs
Current Affairs can play a reasonably good role in moving the wheel. The candidates should start with the current affairs and their background so that they will be able to develop the perspective require for the Exam.
Current Affairs is the key to start the preparation of IAS Prelims Exams. The IAS Prelims Exam is a clear example of the multidimensional approach to the news and views of day today life. The Candidates should know the number and pattern of questions as asked in the IAS Prelims 2019. The candidates can start preparation by reading the current Affairs from wizardias.com, the monthly Current Affairs e-Book, special edition of Exam Specific Current Affairs, Newspapers like The Hindu etc. and the likes.
Previous Year Question Papers
Previous Year Question Papers play a key role in the preparation because they decide the locus of the exam and the candidates should decide their focus area according to their Strength and weaknesses.
In addition to this the candidates should also understand the basic motive behind the questions of the IAS Prelims. The Exams orientation is change very much in the recent years and hence the preparations also have to evolve.
The Candidates should also read the strategy taken by the IAS Toppers and the suggestions made by them to the future candidates. This helps as well as motivates the candidate to start the preparation in a right direction.
Perspective
The candidates should try to develop the perspective required for the IAS Examination as a whole. They should see things inside out and ask questions such as why the event occurred, how the process completed, what are the legal provisions which govern the process or event, How the event is related to the Environment and Ecology, What are the national Interests which govern the International relations of India and the like aspects of the current Events.
This perspective will help in developing the right approach towards the Topics as well as the Current Events.
IAS Prelims 2019: General Studies I: Evaluate Your Performance
The IAS Prelims 2019 was held on 02 June 2019. Based on previous exam estimates, around 8 lakh candidates apply for the IAS Examination every year, but just 50% actually appear in the exam.
The last year, the Cutoff marks for IAS Prelims 2018 (the General Category) was 98 marks out of 200. General Studies Paper II is of qualifying nature only. The cut off for Mains (General Category) was 774 Marks, while the Final Cut Off was 982 Marks
As the number of Candidates has increased and the six questions of English Language Skills will not be counted in the final merit, hence the merit of the exam is expected to increase.
How it will be Helpful
IAS Prelims General Studies Paper I plays a crucial role in clearing the IAS Prelims Exam. The candidates can ensure there selection in IAS Prelims Exams by preparing and getting the grip on the General Studies Paper I. IAS Prelims Syllabus is very vast to cover. Each and every mark counts here as and determines the selection of the candidate. Practice from the real paper play its role here, the real IAS Prelims General Studies Paper I Question Paper can help the candidates to rectify their small errors. The new candidates can practise the IAS Prelims Question Paper under the time limit. By doing this the candidates can evaluate their performance and also they can see the small mistakes which they bypass in the examination. The options given in the answers in the IAS Prelims General Studies Paper I are very close to each other and conceptual clarity is required to correctly solve the questions under the pressure of the exam. Most of the candidates do the error in the IAS Exam by marking wrong answer some times. This format will provide you practice as well as lessons to abstain from such manual errors and keep your preparation fine tuned with the expectations of the exams.
Sample previous questions:
IAS Prelims 2015: GS Economy MCQ
Economy is very crucial for IAS Prelims Exam. Substantial number of questions is asked from Economy. In the past two or three years, pattern of questions has changed from factual to conceptual. Now Candidates not only need to have command over the factual questions but also conceptual. Following are some MCQ which would help candidate to understand types of questions they are supposed to face in IAS Prelims 2015:
1. Consider the following statements:
I. Multidimensional poverty index was introduced in 2010
II. It uses different factors to determine poverty beyond income-based lists
III. It has replaced Human Poverty Index
IV. It reflects deprivations in very rudimentary services and core human functioning for people.
Which of above statement is/are correct?
a. I and II b. all are correct
c. only III d. II and IV
Answer: b
2. Amartya Sen is known for
a. Welfare Economics b. Money and Banking
c. Industrial Economics d. Behavioral Economics
Answer: a
3. Liquidity refers to:
a. Wealth available with investors
b. Ease with which assets can be converted into the money
c. Currency convertibility
d. All of above
Answer: b
4. Which of following statement is true about the Primary deficit?
a. It is difference between Revenue receipts and Revenue Expenditure
b. It is difference between capital receipts and Interest Payment
c. It is difference between the Fiscal Deficit and Interest Payment
d. It is addition of Fiscal Deficit and Interest Payment
Answer: c
5. Base Effect always remains in news, which of following statement is true about Base Effect:
a. It is Change in numbers of items for which price quotations are taken
b. It measures Impact of fuel items on inflation
c. It is related to Impact of the rise in price level in the previous year over the rise in price levels in the current year
d. It is related Problems which arises due to miscalculation
Answer: c
6. What percent branches are to be established in unbanked areas under the provision of new Banking licensing scheme?
a. 20% b. 40%
c. 22% d. 25%
Answer: d
7. What does the tax heaven mean?
a. Important source of tax revenue for government
b. countries or states which impose no tax or very low tax that attract wealth from all over the world
c. Rich class of society that pays the tax
d. Particular section of society that does not pay the tax
Answer: b
8. Our first five year plan primary focused on
a. Agricultural Sector
b. Manufacturing Sector
c. Defense up gradation
d. Service sector
Answer: a
9. Consider the following statements:
I) Recession reduces the demands for goods and services
II) Recession leads to unemployment
III) Government interference is desirable to reverse the recessionary trends
Which of above statements is/are true about Recession?
a. Only I b. Only II
c. I, II, III d. None of above
Answer: c
10. Consider the following statement:
I) Government disinvesting its share in various public sector undertakings
II) Process of disinvestment is very fast
III) Process of disinvestment is very slow and government always falls short of target
Which of above statements is/are true about government policy of disinvestment?
a. Only I b. I and III
c. I and II d. I, II and III
Answer: b
11. Which of following statement is true about the Economic Growth?
a. It refers to increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
b. It refers to the long and sustained rise in real Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
c. It is characterized by fall in unemployment rate
d. Rise in GDP on monetary term
Answer: b
Explanation:Economic growth implies change or an increase in the real output of country. Such changes should not be momentarily. Such growth should be maintained for certain period of time. Increase in GDP owing to increase in prices cannot be termed as Economic Growth.
12. Market Based economy means:
a. All economic decision are taken based on the demand and supply forces
b. Some economic decision are taken by government and other are left to market forces
c. Government has full control over the private sector
d. Economic decisions are taken after keeping in view the social welfare
Answer: a
Explanation: Market based economy refers to the economic system where all economic decisions are taken based on the demand and supply conditions prevailing in the market. Government has minimal interference in economic activities. Private players are free to produce the goods and services based on the demand and supply signals in the market.
13. Quaternary sector implies:
a. Activities related to mining and quarrying
b. Activities related to manufacturing
c. Fishing activities
d. Research and developmental activities
Answer: d
Explanation: Quaternary sector is characterized by the intellectual persons or individuals or group of individual. It includes the research and development activities. Mining and quarrying and fishing are concerned with primary sector activities.
14. Sustainable Development implies:
a. Sustained rise in real GDP
b. Long lasting development without negatively impacting the environment
c. Full exploitation of natural resources
d. Reduction in unemployment and poverty
Answer: b
Explanation: Brundtland commission in Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report defined sustainable development:
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
15. Mixed Economy Implies:
a. Absence of Public Sector
b. Absence of private sector
c. Co-existence of public and private sector
d. All economic activities are motivated by social welfare
Answer: c
Explanation: Mixed Economy is characterized by the co-existence of private and public sectors. Generally public sector is motivated by the general welfare while private sector perform economic activities out of profit motive
16. Sustainable economic growth depends upon:
a. Investment, not saving
b. Saving, not investment
c. Both saving and investment
d. Neither saving nor investment
Answer: c
Explanation: Saving makes the availability of fund for carrying out the investment activities. Investment cannot be carried out without saving. Further, saving is of no use until it is channelized into different investment activities.
17. Which of the following are not third-world regions?
a. Latin America b. Asia
c. Africa d. Australia
Answer: d
Explanation: Various terms has been used to developing countries such as the underdeveloped countries, less developed countries, Third world countries or region etc. developing countries exhibit some common features based on which one can differentiate these countries from developed countries. These regions are characterized by low growth rate, low saving and investment rates, low capital formation, high population growth, and lack of technological development.
18. Economic development means
a. Economic growth.
b. Economic growth plus structural and qualitative changes.
c. Improvement in the living standard of the urban population.
d. Sustainable increases in Gross National Product (GDP).
Answer: b
Explanation: Economic development means the change in growth along with progressive changes in socio-economic conditions of country. While Economic growth implies change or an increase in the real output of country. Growth must be accompanied by the progressive reduction in the inequalities and social vagaries for being called economic development. Economic growth does not take into account the social implications in form of reduction in inequalities. Change or increase in one component such as consumption or investment may be regarded as the economic growth.
19. Who operates the monetary policy in India?
a. Ministry of Finance
b. Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
c. Security and Exchange Board of India
d. All of above
Answer: b
Explanation: Central Bank, The Reserve Bank of India is responsible for implementing the monetary policy in India. RBI uses the monetary policy for controlling the inflation and getting high rate of growth. Ministry of Finance and SEBI are not concerned with monetary policy.
20. Consider the following statements:
I) Government disinvesting its share in various public sector undertakings
II) Process of disinvestment is very fast
III) Process of disinvestment is very slow and government always falls short of target
Which of above statements is/are true about government policy of disinvestment?
a. Only I b. I and III
c. I and II d. I, II and III
Answer: b
GROUP ‘B’ SERVICES
The Group ‘B’ Services include the Central Secretariat Service (Section Officers’ Grade-CSS), the Railway Board Secretariat Service (Section Officers’ Grade –RBSS), the Indian Foreign Service (Section Officers’ Grade –IFS ‘B’), the Armed Forces Headquarters Civil Service (Assistant, Civilian Staff Officers’ Grade), the Customs’ Appraisers Service, the Delhi and Andaman & Nicobar Islands Civil Service (DANICS), the Goa, Daman and Diu Police Service, posts of Assistant Commandant, post of Deputy Superintendents of Police in the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Though officers of the Group ‘B’ Services start off almost at par with their Group ‘A’ counterparts , yet after the fourth year they lag behind by 5 to 7 years. This gap widens further by the 18th year when Group ‘A’ Officers enter the Super Time Scale. The most coveted service among the “Group B” services is the Central Secretariat Service (CSS).
THE INDIAN DEFENCE ESTATE SERVICES (IDES)
This service deals entirely with spacious, well planned, green landscaped cantonments. In this service an IDES officers will begin his career in the Junior scale, as an Executive Officer in a Class I or a Class II Cantonment. In the senior Scale he would normally be sent to a Class I Cantonment as an Executive Officer of Assistant Director or Deputy Assistant Director General or Defence Estate Officer. Next promotion in the “Ordinary Grade” (similar to the JAG) will be as joint Director, the designation which he will retain in the Selection Grade as well. After the selection Grade the IDES Officers are first promoted as Directors (Level I) before they are made Directors (Level III). The latter post is in the Senior Administrative Grade. The top office is the Director General Defence Estates.
THE INDIAN CIVIL ACCOUNTS SERVICES (ICAS)
Training will be in the office of the CGA (Controller General of Accounts), Department of Expenditure (Ministry of Finance), Delhi and in the offices of the Chief Controller of Accounts in the various ministries of Government of India. The first posting will be as Assistant Controller of Accounts in some ministry of the Government of India. In the Senior Scale, they will become the Deputy Controller of Accounts. In the Senior Administration Grade they will be made Chief Controller of Accounts. The highest career post for an ICAS officer is Controller General of Accounts and has a salary fixed higher than that of the Additional Secretaries‘ scale.
INDIAN ORDNANCE & FACTORIES SERVICES AND INDIAN CIVIL ACCOUNTS SERVICES:
The Indian Ordnance And Factories Services (IOFS) - IOFS officers will be required to serve mostly where ordnance factories (i.e. factories that make equipment including sleeping bags and tents, for the defence services) are located e.g. Jabalpur. During the first 10 years in the Service, they could even be asked to serve for up to 4 years, as a Commissioned Officer in the Armed Forces. The promotions up to the Senior Administrative Grade are Standard Central Service Promotion. In the Additional Secretaries Grade they would most probably be made a General Manager. After that, there is a scale which begin at the AS level. In this scale are the Members of the OFS (Ordinance Factories Board) / the Additional DGOF ( Director General Ordinance Factories ). The head of the service is the chairman of the OFB/DGOF, who has the same fixed salary as the Secretaries.
THE INDIAN DEFENCE ACCOUNTS SERVICES ( IDAS)
An IDAS officer start off, after probation, as an Assistant CDA (Controller of Defence Accounts) in the Junior Scale, and will work in cantonment towns. In the next three scales, they will be Deputy CDAs, posted at State capitals (or bigger towns). In the Senior Administrative Grade (SAG) they will become a full fledged CDA and will be posted at places where headquarters of defence commands are located. In the Additional Secretaries Scale IDAS Officer’s are made Additional CGDAs (Controller General of Defence Accounts) in charge of Audit or Inspection. They could also be posted as Controller of Accounts ( Factories) Calcutta.
INDIAN INFORMATION SERVICES AND INDIAN DEFENCE ACCOUNTS SERVICES:
The Indian Information Services (IIS) - This was initially called the Central Information Service (CIS) which was constituted as late as 1960 .As it is a comparatively new and expanding service there is scope for quicker promotions. The scale in this service are exactly the same as in the other services, till the Senior Administrative Grade (SAG). At the top is a grade which is called Selection Grade and has a fixed salary, equal to what the senior most Additional Secretary would get. Training during probation is at the Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC), New Delhi. An IIS Officer can be posted in organization dealing with print media, in the electronic media or in an advertising agency. In short, IIS Officers can be posted to any of the several organizations that are controlled by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting or the Ministry of Defence (Directorate of Public Relation).
P&T FINANCE AND ACCOUNTS SERVICES:
As in the case of the Indian Railways there is a separate P&T Finance and Accounts Services. Here an officer works for the Postal & Telecom departments. They are posted in major cities and as this is a comparatively new service, (established in 1974) the promotions are fast. Within 17 years one can be Joint Secretary (SAG) which correspondence with the Super Time Scale of the IAS. Officers start their career as the Assistant Chief Accounts Officer. Within two years, they are the Chief Accounts Officers. After six years they become the Director Finance and Accounts in the Junior Administrative Grade. In another eleven years they enter the SAG as GM Finance which is a field posting or as Deputy Director General at the Directorate. Following this, promotions to the higher posts are limited as there is just one member Finance and one Senior DDG, Finance. However they can go on deputation to other ministries or to the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) or Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. (MTNL) as Director, Finance.
INDIAN POSTAL SERVICE:
It is the only service from which one can go on a deputation to the army and serve from Captain to Major General. An attractive aspect of a career in the Indian Postal Service is that there is job mobility as well as variety. An Indian Postal Service officer can serve in any ministry at any level depending on the seniority and aptitude. Officers are also sent on deputation to the Universal Postal Union at Berne, Switzerland or on assignments to other countries.
Professional course is at the Postal Staff College, Ghaziabad. During probation the officer will be “attached” to “field” officers of the department, where they will work in various capacities. They will serve in divisional headquarters as Senior Superintendent of Post Office (SSPO) or Senior Superintendent Railway Mail (SSRM) in the junior scale as well as in the first 2-3 years of the senior scale. Only personnel from the Indian Postal Service go on deputation to the Army Postal Service. Later in the Senior Scale they will be promoted to the rank of Assistant PMG (Post Master General) or Assistant Director General at the Directorate. In the JAG they will be made a Director. In the selection grade they will remain as a Director. They can be promoted to the senior most level of PMG of a circle. Promotions after that are to the posts of (a) Additional Secretary in a ministry (b) One of the members of the Postal Services Board (c) Chief PMG or rather HAG i.e. Higher Administrative Grade (d) Secretary, Department of Post who is also ex-officio DG and Chairman of the Postal Services Board.
INDIAN AUDIT AND ACCOUNTS SERVICES:
This service audits the accounts of all Central and State government departments, P & T departments, defence, public sector organizations, railway etc. It functions within the federal structure and coordinates effectively between the Centre and the States. As the head of the organization, the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) is a constitutional authority with a fixed tenure.
During the career, the officer can go on deputation to various ministries, state governments, autonomous bodies, public sector organizations etc. They can also be posted at one of the two audit offices abroad- Washington or London. Presently India is one of the three countries auditing the accounts of the United Nations and a Director General of the service is based at New York for this purpose. Officers selected to this service undergo training in Shimla. They serve either in account offices in Central or State Governments or in Statutory Audit Office under the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG). In the Junior Scale, they will be posted as an Assistant AG in the office of an Accountant General (AG). They will be posted in similar offices throughout the career; only their designation and responsibilities will keep changing. In the senior scale, they will be a Deputy AG, in the JAG and Selection Grade a Senior DAG and in the Senior Administrative Grade a full fledged AG. At the next rung are the Additional Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General. Above this is the Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General of India, who gets a Secretary’s salary. At the very top of the accounts/audit hierarchy is a constitutional authority, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
INDIAN RAILWAY SERVICE
It is essentially responsible for the running of India’s vast railway network. There are four non- technical and technical or engineering cadres in the railways. Entry for non- technical services – The Indian Railways Traffic Services (IRTS), The Indian Railway Personnel Services (IRPS), The Idquarters as Divisional Commercial Manager or Divisional Operating Manager or Divisional Safety Officer. Most of the branch officers like the Senior Divisional Commercial Manager or Senior Divisional Operating Manager are in the JAG.
At the zonal level the hierarchy is as follows:ndian Railway Accounts Services (IRAS), and the Railway Police Service is through the Civil Services Examination. However the Engineering Services have a different recruitment procedure.
Indian Railway Traffic Service (IRTS)
This service looks after commercial (goods and passengers) and operational (movement of trains) functions with an emphasis on safety. In the Junior Scale, they will serve as either Assistant Commercial Manager or Assistant Operating Manager and posted at the Divisional Headquarters. If posted at a very big railway station they may be designated as Assistant Transport Manager. Within four years of service they are likely to get the senior scale and posted at divisional hea
On the Commercial side, the structure is headed by the Chief Commercial Manager followed by the Additional Chief Commercial Manager and the Deputy Chief Commercial Manager.
On the Operations side, the Chief Operations Manager is at the head, followed by the Additional Chief Operations Manager, Chief Freight Traffic Manager, Chief Passenger Traffic Manager and the Deputy Chief Operations Manager.
Indian Railway Accounts Services (IRAS):
This service monitors all the income and expenditure of the vast railway network. In the Junior Scale, as an IRAS officer they will be posted to divisional headquarters as Assistant Accounts Officers. On being promoted to the senior scale they will become a Divisional Accounts Officers and in the JAG they will be designated as Senior Divisional Accounts Officer. In the Senior Administrative Grade they are promoted to the coveted position of Financial Advisor-cum-Chief Accounts Officer of a zone.
Indian Railway Personnel Service (IRPS):
As an officer in this service the IRPS officers will deal with recruitment, promotions, in service training and welfare of the employees. They will be interested to know that IRPS officers get the equivalent of the Supertime Scale before any other service of the Government of India. The postings are as follows:-
In the junior scale, they will be designated Assistant Personnel Officer and posted at Divisional Headquarters. Following this they will become a Divisional Personnel Officers in the Senior Scale and Senior Divisional Personnel Officer of Deputy Chief Planning Officer in the JAG.
They will be made Additional Chief Planning Officer once they get the Selection grade. In the Senior Administrative Grade they will be designated Chief Personnel Officer and serve at Zonal Headquarters. At a non-divisional set-up there are commensurate posts for officers belonging to all the railway services.
Railway Protection Force (RPF):
This force protects one of the biggest railway networks in the world. RPF officers’ training will be at Vadodra and Lucknow. The Junior and Senior scales are similar to the other railway services. There is no equivalent of JAG or SG. Instead, they have the grades of Senior Commandant, Head Quarters and Deputy Inspector General (DIG) respectively. The Inspector General’s grade is the same as the IAS supertime scale or the IPS IGP’s scale. The final promotion is as the Director General of the Force.
INDIAN CUSTOMS AND CENTRAL EXCISE SERVICES:
It is basically concerned with two main aspects, Customs and Excise. While Customs is concerned with the checking and levy of duty on taxable goods brought into the country, the Excise department is involved with the taxation of goods manufactured within the country.
Customs
Customs officers could be dealing with customs, excise or narcotics related matters, they are not only posted in important coastal and border towns or in towns with International Airports, they can be posted anywhere. Their probation will be either in Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata or Delhi and in the Junior and Senior scales they will be designated as Assistant Commissioner of Customs. As Deputy Commissioner in the JAG they will move to much bigger towns. In this grade of Junior Administration Grade (JAG) they could later become Additional Commissioner of Customs.
Central Excise
Probation will be in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai or Chennai and will be posted in Industrial townships to begin with and then in big cities. In the Junior scale, the Central excise officer could serve as Assistant Commissioner of Central Excise. They can hold the latter rank in the Senior scale also. In the JAG they could be a Deputy or Additional Commissioner of Central Excise. Commissioners of Customs and Central Excise are officers in the Senior Administrative Grade. They wield enormous power and the jurisdiction which normally extends over several states. Chief Commissioner of Customs and Central Excise are placed in the next higher grade which is similar to that of Additional Secretaries. After that they can aspire to become a member of the Central Board of Excise and Customs, and later even its Chairman.
Ø INDIAN CUSTOMS AND CENTRAL EXCISE SERVICES
It is basically concerned with two main aspects, Customs and Excise. While Customs is concerned with the checking and levy of duty on taxable goods brought into the country, the Excise department is involved with the taxation of goods manufactured within the country.
Customs
Customs officers could be dealing with customs, excise or narcotics related matters, they are not only posted in important coastal and border towns or in towns with International Airports, they can be posted anywhere. Their probation will be either in Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata or Delhi and in the Junior and Senior scales they will be designated as Assistant Commissioner of Customs. As Deputy Commissioner in the JAG they will move to much bigger towns. In this grade of Junior Administration Grade (JAG) they could later become Additional Commissioner of Customs.
Central Excise
Probation will be in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai or Chennai and will be posted in Industrial townships to begin with and then in big cities. In the Junior scale, the Central excise officer could serve as Assistant Commissioner of Central Excise. They can hold the latter rank in the Senior scale also. In the JAG they could be a Deputy or Additional Commissioner of Central Excise. Commissioners of Customs and Central Excise are officers in the Senior Administrative Grade. They wield enormous power and the jurisdiction which normally extends over several states. Chief Commissioner of Customs and Central Excise are placed in the next higher grade which is similar to that of Additional Secretaries. After that they can aspire to become a member of the Central Board of Excise and Customs, and later even its Chairman.
Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE HIINDIAN FOREIGN SERVICE:
In September 1946, on the eve of India’s independence, the Government of India decided to create a service called the Indian Foreign Service for India’s diplomatic, consular and commercial representation overseas. The precursor to Indian Foreign Service can be traced back to September 1783 when Foreign Department was established by the British Raj to conduct business with foreign European powers. In 1947, there was a near seamless transformation of the Foreign department of the British India government into what then became the new Ministry of External Affairs and in 1948 the first batch recruited under the combined Civil service examination system of the Union Public Service Commission joined the service. This system of entry has remained the staple mode of intake into the IFS to this day. The origin of the Indian Foreign Service can be traced back to the British rule when the Foreign Department was created to conduct business with the “Foreign European Powers”. In fact it was on September 13, 1783, when the Board of Directors of the East India Company passed a resolution at Fort William, Calcutta (now Kolkata), to create a department, which could help “relieve the pressure” on the Warren Hastings administration in conducting its “secret and political business”. Subsequently known as the “Indian Foreign Department”, it went ahead with the expansion of diplomatic representation, wherever necessary, to protect British interests.
Training
On acceptance to the Foreign Service, new entrants undergo in-depth training. The entrants undergo a probationary period (and are referred to as probationers). Training begins at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration in Mussoorie, where members of many elite Indian civil service organizations are trained.
After completing the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, the probationers join the Foreign Service Institute in New Delhi for more training as well as attachments with different government bodies and tours both in India and abroad. The entire training programme is for a period of 36 months.
At the conclusion of the training programme the officer is assigned a compulsory foreign language (CFL). After a brief period of desk attachment in the Ministry of External Affairs, the officer is posted to an Indian diplomatic mission abroad where the CFL is the native language. There the officer undergoes language training and is expected to develop proficiency in his CFL and pass an examination before being allowed to continue in the service.
• At an embassy:
o Third Secretary (entry level)
o Second Secretary (promotion upon being confirmed in service)
o First Secretary
o Counsellor
o Minister
o Deputy Chief of Mission/Deputy High Commissioner/Deputy Permanent Representative
o Ambassador/High Commissioner/Permanent Representative
• At an consulate:
o Vice Consul
o Consul
o Consul General
• At the Ministry of External Affairs
o Under Secretary
o Deputy Secretary
o Director
o Joint Secretary
o Additional Secretary
o Secretary
The Indian Police Service, simply known as Indian Police or IPS, is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India; other two being Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Foreign Service (IFS).In 1948, a year after India gained independence from Britain, the Imperial Police (IP) was replaced by the Indian Police Service (IPS). The officers of the Indian Police Service (IPS) are trained mainly at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in the city of Hyderabad.
Modern ranks and rank badges
• State Emblem above crossed sword and baton
• Director, Intelligence Bureau
• State Emblem above crossed sword and baton
• Director, Central Bureau of Investigation
• Director General, Central Reserve Police Force
• Director General, Border Security Force
• Director General, Central Industrial Security Force
• Director General, Railway Protection Force
• Director General, Sashastra Seema Bal
• Director General, Indo-Tibetan Border Police
• Director General, National Security Guards
• Secretary (R), Cabinet Secretariat, Government of India
• Director General, Bureau of Police Research & Development
• Director General, Narcotics Control Bureau
• Director , Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad
• Director, Bureau of Civil Aviation Security
• Director General, Security
• Director General, National Emergency Force & Civil Defence
• Director General States of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Kashmir, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Punjab (India) , Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu,Tripura,Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal
• Commissioner of Police, Delhi
• Commissioner of Police, Kolkata
• Commissioner of Police, Chennai
• Commissioner of Police, Mumbai
• Commissioner of Police, Bangalore
• Commissioner of Police, Hyderabad
• Commissioner of Police, Ahmadabad
• Commissioner of Police, Pune
• Commissioner of Police, Nagpur
• Director , National Crime Records Bureau
• Special /Additional Directors, Intelligence Bureau
• Special /Additional Directors, Central Bureau of Investigation
• One star above crossed sword and baton
• Director , Special Protection Group
• Joint Directors, Intelligence Bureau
• Joint Director, Central Bureau of Investigation
• Director, Central Forensic Institute
• Additional Director, SVP National Police Academy
• Inspectors General of Police, State Police Forces
• Inspectors General of Police, Union Territories
• Inspectors General, Central Reserve Police Force
• Inspectors General, Border Security Force
• Inspectors General, Central Industrial Security Force
• Inspectors General, Indo-Tibetan Border Police
• State Emblem above three stars in a triangle
• Deputy Inspector General of Police
• State Emblem above two stars
• Superintendent of Police in selection grade with 13+ years of service
• Other officers above selection grade
• State Emblem above one star
• Superintendent of Police in charge of a district
• Commandant of Battalion
• Other officer on Junior Administrative Grade with between 9 and 13 years service
• State Emblem
• Other officers on senior time scale with 9 years service or less
• Three stars
• Assistant Superintendent in charge of sub-division
• Assistant Superintendent not in charge of sub-division with 4 years service or more
• Two stars
• Assistant Superintendent not in charge of sub-division with between 2 and 4 years service
• One star
• Assistant Superintendent not in charge of sub-division with less than 2 years service
Ranks insignia of the State Police officers (which is distinct from Indian Police Service)
• Three stars
• Deputy Superintendent of Police. A state police officer who is directly recruited to this rank or has come up from the lower ranks.
• Three stars with a red and blue ribbon at the outer edge of the shoulder straps
• Inspector of Police
• Two stars with a red and blue ribbon at the outer edge of the shoulder straps
• Sub-Inspector of Police
• One Star with a red and blue ribbon at the outer edge of the shoulder straps
• Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police
• Three chevrons points facing downwards
• Police Head Constable
• Two chevrons points facing downwards
• Senior Police Constable or Police Naik. His/her basic pay would be of the same scale of a head constable.
• No rank insignia
• Constable
The job involves all the process from investigation to decisions and policy planning. As the job deals with the fiscal policy and budget, aptitude for accounts as well as a legal aptitude is useful. The professional training is conducted in the National Academy of Direct Taxes, Nagpur and the probationer will also receive on the job training at an Assistant Commissioner’s office for sometime. Following this they will serve as an Assistant Commissioner for eight years. They will examine cases in which the tax assessed is more than the prescribed figure. Assistant Commissioner deal with income and losses between Rs 2-5 lakhs .In the junior Administrative Grade (JAG) and Selection Grade they would be a Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax or Deputy Director (Investigation ). Deputy Commissioner (Assessment) handles cases above Rs 5 lakhs. In the senior Administrative Grade they could be a Commissioner of Income Tax in a metropolitan town or one of the state capitals or a Director of Income Tax. Some of these Commissioners are designated as Chief Commissioners of Income Tax and are in a scale similar to that of Additional Secretaries. The Director General of Income Tax is also in this scale. The head of the Income Tax hierarchy is the chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes and is assisted by six members.
The Indian Revenue Service (IRS) is one of the Premier Civil Services (Group "A") of India. IRS comprises IRS(C&CE) & IRS (IT). IRS officers are concerned with the collection, administration and policy formation of direct (viz. Income, Corporate, Wealth, FBT etc.) & indirect (viz. Central Excise, Service Tax and even Customs Duty) taxes. These officers are the tax administrators of the union of India. They are either under the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) or Central board of Excise & Customs (CBEC) in the Department of Revenue under the Ministry of Finance.
Training
IRS Officer Trainees (OTs, as they are fondly referred to) undergo a 3 month foundational training with their fellow officers from All India Services and other Central Services (Group A) at Lal Bahadur National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA) Mussoorie, (Uttarakhand) followed by a 15 month rigorous professional training in NACEN Faridabad for the officers of Customs and Excise or NADT, Nagpur for officers of Income Tax, where they are intensively trained in principles, concepts and advances in Management, Taxation. Public Policy and Law.
Postings
Starting with the post of Assistant Commissioner, IRS officers rise up to Chief Commissioner level with some fortunate ones reaching the post of Member/Chairperson - CBDT / CBEC. The Revenue Secretary who heads the Department of Revenue in the Ministry of Finance is usually an IAS officer. They are also deputed to the Vigilance Department, Enforcement Directorate, SEBI, Directorate of Revenue Intelligence, Narcotics Control Bureau, etc. apart from heading various cells in the Ministry of Finance. However the administrative acumen of the service has now started getting recognition of late. One of the previous Chief Election Commissioner was an IRS officer.
Career prospects
Though the pay is much lower than in private sector, given the high talent and intelligence of the recruits, the unparalleled power, perks, and prestige make up for it. Officers also feel an added sense of satisfaction that comes from directly contributing to the development of the country, revenue being the source of all developmental works of a government. Their contribution can be judged from the fact that with a total strength of around 5000 officers (in direct taxes) and an added 2500 (in indirect taxes), the IRS are responsible for collection of direct/indirect taxes worth tens of thousands of crores of rupees. Presently only 3% of Indian population comes in the direct tax bracket. Similarly the Service Tax has only started picking up of late due to very few services in the tax net. With the economy booming, the IRS is bound to play an increasingly important role in the affairs of the state. As the country liberalises further, the economic power will shift into private hands with the public-private participation being the keyword. Hence the IRS officers will be at the interaction point between the private industry and the government. Candidates prefer the IRS above other premier services due to relatively low political interference, greater leisure time, stable tenures, and postings to big cities.
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The officials of the IAS are involved in civil administration and policy-making. After being selected for the IAS, candidates are allocated to "cadres." There is one cadre in each Indian state, except for three joint cadres: Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur-Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram-Union Territories (AGMUT). The "insider-outsider ratio" (ratio of officers who are posted in their home states) is maintained as 1:2 as 'insiders'. The rest are posted as 'outsiders' according to the 'roster' in states other than their home states. Till 2008 there was no choice for any state cadre and the candidates, if not placed in the insider vacancy of their home states, were allotted to different states in alphabetic order of the roster, beginning with the letters A, H, M, and T for that particular year. For example if in a particular year the roster begins from 'A', which means the first candidate in the roster will go to the Andhra Pradesh state cadre of IAS, the next one to Bihar, and subsequently to Chhattisgarh, Gujarat and so on in alphabetical order. The next year the roster starts from 'H', for either Haryana or Himachal Pradesh. (If it has started from Haryana in the previous occasion when it all started from 'H', then this time it would start from Himachal Pradesh). This highly intricate system has on one hand ensured that officers from different states are placed all over India, it has also resulted in wide disparities in the kind of professional exposure for officers, when we compare officers in small and big & also developed and backward state, since the system ensures that the officers are permanently placed to one state cadre. The only way the allotted state cadre can be changed is by marriage to an officer of another state cadre of IAS/IPS/IFS. One can even go to his home state cadre on deputation for a limited period, after which one has to invariably return to the cadre allotted to him or her.
DESIGNATIONS
Progression of IAS officers in State and Center Government
IAS officers time scales:
The State Governments however have a kind of leverage to post these officers. Normally when an IAS officer joins the State, he is placed as a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM). Ideally he is to be made in charge of a District after completing 9 years of service and entering the Junior Administrative Grade but in certain States, even younger IAS officers are made in charge of Districts (Known as District Magistrates (DM), Deputy Commissioners (DCs) or Collectors).
